A visual approach to measuring personality systems

A visual approach to measuring implicit personality systems is explored in this article. Six scales, consisting of optical stimuli (icons), were developed by conducting factor analyses using data from 3 studies with more than 70.000 participants. Internal consistencies and testretest-correlations of the six scales were satisfactory. Incremental validity of the visual scales was examined in 3 studies (N = 232). Results from regression analyses showed that the visual scales are distinct from self-report scales and can explain additional variances in behaviorally anchored rating scales and supervisor ratings. The gain in explained variance beyond selfreport measures was on average 140% in the three studies. The authors conclude that measuring personality dimensions via a visual method can make a significant contribution in explaining implicit information processing and behavior and deserves consideration in applied settings. For example, using visuals that are consistent with implicit versus explicit personality systems of the key audience may deepen our understanding of advertising effectiveness, media use and consumer behavior. --implicit,personality systems interaction,PSI-theory,visual questionnaire (ViQ),Jungian typology

Closing the Impunity Gap in U.S. Law

This piece is composed of written testimony submitted to the Subcommittee on Human Rights and the Law, Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. Senate, on October 6, 2009, for a hearing entitled, No Safe Haven: Accountability for Human Rights Violators, Part II. The testimony addresses the Crimes Against Humanity Act of 2009. This legislation would introduce into federal law a broader set of criminal offenses pertaining to both U.S. citizens and aliens who visit or reside in the United States. The testimony focuses exclusively on criminal law and military law and how to ensure that U.S. law sufficiently empowers U.S. courts with appropriate jurisdiction to investigate and judge the culpability of alleged perpetrators of atrocity crimes